Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region

José de Jesus Sousa Lemos; Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva; João da Costa Filho; Fabricio José Costa de Holanda

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12

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Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region

José de Jesus Sousa Lemos, Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva, João da Costa Filho, Fabricio José Costa de Holanda

Published in International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment (Volume 7, Issue 3)

Received: 11 May 2022 Accepted: 26 May 2022 Published: 27 June 2022

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Abstract

The overall objective of the research was to evaluate the synergy between annual rainfall and the defining variables of milk production in the twenty largest producing municipalities in Ceará between the years 1973 and 20209. The research used annual rainfall data taken from the Ceara Meteorology and Water Resources Foundation (FUNCEME) as well as from the IBGE's Municipal Livestock Surveys (PPM) during the investigated period. The rainfall of the municipalities was organized into drought, normal and rainy periods, observing statistical criteria: average and standard deviation. It was used the coefficient of variation (CV) to measure the instabilities of the variables. It was created the instability index (INST) to capture the synergy between the annual precipitation of the municipalities with the number of lactating cows, the daily productivity of milk per cow and the average price of milk received by producers, in each municipality. To construct the INST, it was used the Factor Analysis, with the technique of decomposition in principal components. The results confirmed the high temporal instabilities of rainfall in the municipalities that were also observed in the defining variables of milk production in the studied municipalities. It can also be inferred from the results that, in all municipalities, the estimated INST for the rainy periods were always higher than those observed in the other periods (drought and normal), which confirms the great importance of rainfall for gauge good economic results in milk production in Ceara. The estimated INST confirmed the assumptions that guided the conduct of this research, that there is significant synergy between rainfall, the number of lactating cows, daily productivity and the price of milk received by farmers, in the largest milk producing municipalities in Ceara between the years 1973 and 2020.

Published in	International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12
Page(s)	67-74
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Brazilian Semi-arid Region, Rainfall Instability, Synergy, Adaptability

References

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[3]	REIS FILHO. R. J. C. CARVALHO. A. P. (2009). Plan for the Development of Dairy Cattle Raising in the Irrigable Areas of the State of Ceará. Fortaleza: ADECE. (In Portuguese).
[4]	PAIVA. E. C.. LEMOS. J. J. S.. & CAMPOS. R. T. (2021). Predictions for milk production under rainfall instability in Ceará in the period 1974 to 2 to 2019. Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural. 60 (spe). e 252091. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9479.2021.252091 (In Portuguese).
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APA Style

José de Jesus Sousa Lemos, Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva, João da Costa Filho, Fabricio José Costa de Holanda. (2022). Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 7(3), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12

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ACS Style

José de Jesus Sousa Lemos; Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva; João da Costa Filho; Fabricio José Costa de Holanda. Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region. Int. J. Econ. Energy Environ. 2022, 7(3), 67-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12

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AMA Style

José de Jesus Sousa Lemos, Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva, João da Costa Filho, Fabricio José Costa de Holanda. Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region. Int J Econ Energy Environ. 2022;7(3):67-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12,
  author = {José de Jesus Sousa Lemos and Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva and João da Costa Filho and Fabricio José Costa de Holanda},
  title = {Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region},
  journal = {International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {67-74},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeee.20220703.12},
  abstract = {The overall objective of the research was to evaluate the synergy between annual rainfall and the defining variables of milk production in the twenty largest producing municipalities in Ceará between the years 1973 and 20209. The research used annual rainfall data taken from the Ceara Meteorology and Water Resources Foundation (FUNCEME) as well as from the IBGE's Municipal Livestock Surveys (PPM) during the investigated period. The rainfall of the municipalities was organized into drought, normal and rainy periods, observing statistical criteria: average and standard deviation. It was used the coefficient of variation (CV) to measure the instabilities of the variables. It was created the instability index (INST) to capture the synergy between the annual precipitation of the municipalities with the number of lactating cows, the daily productivity of milk per cow and the average price of milk received by producers, in each municipality. To construct the INST, it was used the Factor Analysis, with the technique of decomposition in principal components. The results confirmed the high temporal instabilities of rainfall in the municipalities that were also observed in the defining variables of milk production in the studied municipalities. It can also be inferred from the results that, in all municipalities, the estimated INST for the rainy periods were always higher than those observed in the other periods (drought and normal), which confirms the great importance of rainfall for gauge good economic results in milk production in Ceara. The estimated INST confirmed the assumptions that guided the conduct of this research, that there is significant synergy between rainfall, the number of lactating cows, daily productivity and the price of milk received by farmers, in the largest milk producing municipalities in Ceara between the years 1973 and 2020.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region
AU  - José de Jesus Sousa Lemos
AU  - Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva
AU  - João da Costa Filho
AU  - Fabricio José Costa de Holanda
Y1  - 2022/06/27
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12
T2  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JF  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JO  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
SP  - 67
EP  - 74
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12
AB  - The overall objective of the research was to evaluate the synergy between annual rainfall and the defining variables of milk production in the twenty largest producing municipalities in Ceará between the years 1973 and 20209. The research used annual rainfall data taken from the Ceara Meteorology and Water Resources Foundation (FUNCEME) as well as from the IBGE's Municipal Livestock Surveys (PPM) during the investigated period. The rainfall of the municipalities was organized into drought, normal and rainy periods, observing statistical criteria: average and standard deviation. It was used the coefficient of variation (CV) to measure the instabilities of the variables. It was created the instability index (INST) to capture the synergy between the annual precipitation of the municipalities with the number of lactating cows, the daily productivity of milk per cow and the average price of milk received by producers, in each municipality. To construct the INST, it was used the Factor Analysis, with the technique of decomposition in principal components. The results confirmed the high temporal instabilities of rainfall in the municipalities that were also observed in the defining variables of milk production in the studied municipalities. It can also be inferred from the results that, in all municipalities, the estimated INST for the rainy periods were always higher than those observed in the other periods (drought and normal), which confirms the great importance of rainfall for gauge good economic results in milk production in Ceara. The estimated INST confirmed the assumptions that guided the conduct of this research, that there is significant synergy between rainfall, the number of lactating cows, daily productivity and the price of milk received by farmers, in the largest milk producing municipalities in Ceara between the years 1973 and 2020.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

José de Jesus Sousa Lemos

Department of Agricultural Economics (DEA), Canter of Agrarian Sciences (CCA), Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva

Department of Agricultural Economics (DEA), Canter of Agrarian Sciences (CCA), Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
João da Costa Filho
Fabricio José Costa de Holanda

Department of Agricultural Economics (DEA), Canter of Agrarian Sciences (CCA), Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil

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APA Style

José de Jesus Sousa Lemos, Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva, João da Costa Filho, Fabricio José Costa de Holanda. (2022). Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 7(3), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12

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ACS Style

José de Jesus Sousa Lemos; Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva; João da Costa Filho; Fabricio José Costa de Holanda. Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region. Int. J. Econ. Energy Environ. 2022, 7(3), 67-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12

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AMA Style

José de Jesus Sousa Lemos, Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva, João da Costa Filho, Fabricio José Costa de Holanda. Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region. Int J Econ Energy Environ. 2022;7(3):67-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12,
  author = {José de Jesus Sousa Lemos and Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva and João da Costa Filho and Fabricio José Costa de Holanda},
  title = {Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region},
  journal = {International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {67-74},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeee.20220703.12},
  abstract = {The overall objective of the research was to evaluate the synergy between annual rainfall and the defining variables of milk production in the twenty largest producing municipalities in Ceará between the years 1973 and 20209. The research used annual rainfall data taken from the Ceara Meteorology and Water Resources Foundation (FUNCEME) as well as from the IBGE's Municipal Livestock Surveys (PPM) during the investigated period. The rainfall of the municipalities was organized into drought, normal and rainy periods, observing statistical criteria: average and standard deviation. It was used the coefficient of variation (CV) to measure the instabilities of the variables. It was created the instability index (INST) to capture the synergy between the annual precipitation of the municipalities with the number of lactating cows, the daily productivity of milk per cow and the average price of milk received by producers, in each municipality. To construct the INST, it was used the Factor Analysis, with the technique of decomposition in principal components. The results confirmed the high temporal instabilities of rainfall in the municipalities that were also observed in the defining variables of milk production in the studied municipalities. It can also be inferred from the results that, in all municipalities, the estimated INST for the rainy periods were always higher than those observed in the other periods (drought and normal), which confirms the great importance of rainfall for gauge good economic results in milk production in Ceara. The estimated INST confirmed the assumptions that guided the conduct of this research, that there is significant synergy between rainfall, the number of lactating cows, daily productivity and the price of milk received by farmers, in the largest milk producing municipalities in Ceara between the years 1973 and 2020.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Interaction Between Spatial and Temporal Instabilities of Rainfall on Milk Production in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region
AU  - José de Jesus Sousa Lemos
AU  - Elizama Cavalcante de Paiva
AU  - João da Costa Filho
AU  - Fabricio José Costa de Holanda
Y1  - 2022/06/27
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12
T2  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JF  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JO  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
SP  - 67
EP  - 74
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20220703.12
AB  - The overall objective of the research was to evaluate the synergy between annual rainfall and the defining variables of milk production in the twenty largest producing municipalities in Ceará between the years 1973 and 20209. The research used annual rainfall data taken from the Ceara Meteorology and Water Resources Foundation (FUNCEME) as well as from the IBGE's Municipal Livestock Surveys (PPM) during the investigated period. The rainfall of the municipalities was organized into drought, normal and rainy periods, observing statistical criteria: average and standard deviation. It was used the coefficient of variation (CV) to measure the instabilities of the variables. It was created the instability index (INST) to capture the synergy between the annual precipitation of the municipalities with the number of lactating cows, the daily productivity of milk per cow and the average price of milk received by producers, in each municipality. To construct the INST, it was used the Factor Analysis, with the technique of decomposition in principal components. The results confirmed the high temporal instabilities of rainfall in the municipalities that were also observed in the defining variables of milk production in the studied municipalities. It can also be inferred from the results that, in all municipalities, the estimated INST for the rainy periods were always higher than those observed in the other periods (drought and normal), which confirms the great importance of rainfall for gauge good economic results in milk production in Ceara. The estimated INST confirmed the assumptions that guided the conduct of this research, that there is significant synergy between rainfall, the number of lactating cows, daily productivity and the price of milk received by farmers, in the largest milk producing municipalities in Ceara between the years 1973 and 2020.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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